He was helping Greenwald with this work and was on his way back to their home after meeting with a filmmaker, also working on the surveillance revelations, when he was detained. Miranda is the partner of journalist Glenn Greenwald who had recently written several stories about the Snowden surveillance revelations for The Guardian. His electronic equipment was confiscated and he was questioned for hours without a lawyer present. He was questioned under Schedule 7 of the Terrorism Act 2000 and freed only when officers reached the legal time limit for either arresting or releasing him. So Article 10 protects both popular and unpopular expression – including speech that might shock others – subject to certain limitations.ĭavid Miranda was detained by police at Heathrow Airport for nine hours in August 2013. The right to free expression would be meaningless if it only protected certain types of expression.Commercial expression – particularly when it also raises matters of legitimate public debate and concern.Political expression – including peaceful protests and demonstrations.It’s often used to defend press freedom and protect journalists’ sources. Liberty and other human rights groups have used Article 10 to challenge the UK Government’s mass surveillance – which scoops up all our correspondence, putting our rights to privacy, free expression and protest and our free press in jeopardy.Īrticle 10 also protects your right to communicate and express yourself in any medium – including through words, pictures and actions. It means we’re free to hold opinions and ideas and to share them with others without the State interfering. Khan is affiliated with the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva, and has been Consulting Editor of the Daily Star, Bangladesh’s largest English newspaper.Article 10 of the Human Rights Act protects a right that’s fundamental to our democracy – our freedom of expression is fundamental to our democracy. An internationally recognized advocate for human rights, gender equality and social justice, she was Secretary-General of Amnesty International from 2001 to 2009 and Director-General of the International Development Law Organization (IDLO) from 2010 to 2019. Irene Khan was appointed as UN Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Opinion and Expression in June 2020 and is the first woman to hold this mandate. Learn more about the mandate Current mandate holder The mandate was renewed again for an additional three years in March 2011 (HRC resolution 16/4), March 2014 ( resolution 25/2), March 2017 (resolution 34/18), March 2020 ( resolution 43/4) and March2023 (resolution 52/9). In 1993, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights established the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression.Īfter replacing the Commission on Human Rights, the Human Rights Council decided to extend the mandate for another three years in March 2008 ( resolution 7/36). The mandate of the Special Rapporteur was created by the Human Rights Council to protect and promote freedom of opinion and expression, offline and online, in light of international human rights law and standards. Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression Purpose of the mandateįreedom of expression is the cornerstone of democracy, which allows individuals and groups to enjoy several other human rights and freedoms.
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